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Exam 17: Functional Perspective on Group Decision Making

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following is NOT included in Hirokawa and Gouran's list of types of communication in decision-making groups?

A) promotive
B) collegial
C) disruptive
D) counteractive

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Question 2

Multiple Choice

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According to the functional perspective, a low-status member of a group:

A) can have only a limited impact on decision making.
B) usually emphasizes the positive rather than the negative qualities of alternatives.
C) should insist on a careful process in order to influence the final decision.
D) usually depends on the status quo.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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C

Question 3

Short Answer

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Is the functional perspective a good scientific theory? Explain if it can be falsified.

Stohl and Holmes contend that most real-life groups:

Dewey's pragmatism was based on the hopeful assumption that practical decisions can be brought under more intelligent control through the process of rational inquiry.

For Hirokawa and Gouran, goal setting must occur first in the process of group decision making.

Hirokawa and Gouran repeatedly state that goal setting is the most important function in group decision making.

In bona fide groups, most participants are strangers and refrain from having relationships with each other outside the group.

Jürgen Habermas is convinced that the validity of any ethical consensus can be reached only to the extent that three requirements are met. In this context, which of the following best describes the requirement for argument?

________ is defined as a discourse on ethical accountability in which discussants represent all who will be affected by the decision, pursue discourse in a spirit of seeking the common good, and are committed to finding universal standards.

John Dewey's reflective thinking:

How does a theoretical approach such as the functional perspective compare to theories such as Pearce and Cronen's coordinated management of meaning?

Counteractive communication is used by group members to move the group back on track.

Outline the requisite functions of effective decision making. Are there any cases in which one might be more important than the others? Explain.

In both general and specific terms, what are the strengths and weaknesses of a theoretical approach such as the functional perspective?

Hirokawa regards group discussion as an instrument that group members use to create the social reality in which decisions are made.

The term ________ was introduced by Cynthia Stohl and her colleague, Linda Putnam, to refer to intact groups with stable, yet permeable boundaries and interdependent with their immediate context.

A meta-analysis of 60 empirical research studies on the functional perspective concludes that of the four functions, ________ is by far the most crucial to ensure a quality decision.

Identify the word that refers to the question of which of the four requisite functions is most important in order for a group to maximize the probability of a high-quality decision.

Discuss your experience in a decision-making group. Does the functional perspective shed light on the process? If you knew then what you now know, would your participation in the group's deliberation have been different? Were there important aspects of the experience that Hirokawa and Gouran's theory did not address?