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Suppose that monetary neutrality and the Fisher effect both hold. An increase in the money supply growth rate increases


A) the inflation rate and real interest rates.
B) the inflation rate, but not real interest rates.
C) real interest rates, but not the inflation rate.
D) neither the inflation rate nor real interest rates.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Economic variables whose values are measured in monetary units are called


A) dichotomous variables.
B) nominal variables.
C) classical variables.
D) real variables.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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If there is inflation, then a firm that has kept its price fixed for some time will have a


A) high relative price. Relative-price variability rises as the inflation rate rises.
B) high relative price. Relative-price variability falls as the inflation rate rises.
C) low relative price. Relative-price variability rises as the inflation rate rises.
D) low relative price. Relative-price variability falls as the inflation rate rises.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Kelly puts money in a savings account. One year later she has two percent more dollars and can buy three percent more goods. Kelly earned a real interest rate of


A) two percent and prices fell one percent.
B) two percent and prices rose one percent.
C) three percent and prices rose one percent.
D) three percent and prices fell one percent.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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According to the quantity theory of money, a 3 percent increase in the money supply


A) causes the price level to rise by 3 percent.
B) causes the price level to rise by less than 3 percent.
C) leaves the price level unchanged.
D) causes the price level to fall by 3 percent.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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The evidence from hyperinflations indicates that money growth and inflation


A) are positively related, which is consistent with the quantity theory of money.
B) are positively related, which is not consistent with the quantity theory of money.
C) are not related in a discernible fashion, which is consistent with the quantity theory of money.
D) are not related in a discernible fashion, which is not consistent with the quantity theory of money.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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When the price level rises, the number of dollars needed to buy a representative basket of goods


A) increases, and so the value of money rises.
B) increases, and so the value of money falls.
C) decreases, and so the value of money rises.
D) decreases, and so the value of money falls

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Hyperinflations are associated with governments printing money to finance expenditures.

A) True
B) False

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The consumer price index increases from 200 to 208. What is the inflation rate?

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The quantity equation is expressed as _____. The rate at which money changes hands is known as _____.

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M x V = P ...

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If the price level this year was 140 and was 135 last year, what was the inflation rate to the nearest decimal?

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From the early 1980's through the 1990's, the nominal interest rate


A) fell because the Fed got inflation under control.
B) fell because the Fed let inflation get out of control.
C) rose because the Fed got inflation under control.
D) rose because the Fed let inflation get out of control.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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If P = 4 and Y = 200, then which of the following pairs of values are possible?


A) M = 800, V = 16
B) M = 150, V = 3
C) M = 400, V = 2
D) M = 200, V = 2

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Banks advertise


A) the real interest rate, which is how fast the dollar value of savings grows.
B) the real interest rate, which is how fast the purchasing power of savings grows.
C) the nominal interest rate, which is how fast the dollar value of savings grows.
D) the nominal interest rate, which is how fast the purchasing power of savings grows.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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An increase in money demand would create a surplus of money at the original value of money.

A) True
B) False

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Dollar prices and relative prices are both nominal variables.

A) True
B) False

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Fifteen years ago your parents purchased some land with the idea of selling it later to help pay your college expenses. They purchased the land for $100,000. They sold it for $180,000. During the time they held it the price level rose from 80 to 120. If your parents face a 25% tax rate, what was their real after­tax gain? Hint: What's the real value of the land in current prices?)

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When the money market is drawn with the value of money on the vertical axis, if money demand shifts leftward, then initially there is an


A) excess demand for money which causes the price level to rise.
B) excess demand for money which causes the price level to fall.
C) excess supply of money which causes the price level to rise.
D) excess supply of money which causes the price level to fall.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Mitch makes payments on a car loan. If the price level a year ago was 120 and people expected it to rise to 125 but it actually rose to 128, what happened to the real value of Mitch's payment as opposed to what he was expecting to happen? Express your answer to the nearest 100th.

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He was expecting it ...

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If inflation is higher than expected, then lenders receive interest payments whose real values are less than they expected.

A) True
B) False

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